Editorial expert:
Zhang Liju, chief physician of the obstetrics and gynecology department of Beijing Diquan Hospital
First, what is unexpected pregnancy?
Unexpected pregnancy refers to pregnancy or accidental pregnancy caused by contraceptive measures, referring to the phenomenon of women who do not want to get pregnant.
2. What are the early performance of pregnancy?
Memoral discontinuation: Women who usually have a regular menstrual cycle and a history of sexual life, the possibility of pregnancy should be considered if the menstrual delay is delayed for more than 10 days;
Early pregnancy reaction: About half of women may have symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, lack of appetite, lack of appetite, partial eclipse or greasy, nausea, vomiting in the morning. Early pregnancy reactions.Early pregnancy reactions disappear by themselves than 12 weeks of pregnancy.
Frequent urination: There may be increased urination times in about 8 weeks of pregnancy, which is caused by increasing uterine compression of the bladder.
Breast pain: After early pregnancy, the breasts increased under the stimulation of estrogen and progesterone, and breasts and nipple pain occurred.The first pregnancy breast response is more sensitive.The response after breastfeeding is generally not obvious.
How do I know that I am pregnant?
In the early stage, there is sexual life. Once a menopause, early pregnancy reactions, frequent urination, breast tenderness and other performances are found, preliminary investigation can be performed through the pregnancy test stick. The diagnosis requires ultrasound examination.
Pregnancy test stick: often test in about 14 days after the same room.If it is two red bars, it is prompted to get pregnant.The two bars are deep and shallow. It is also weakly positive. It also prompts that pregnancy may be shorter. You can review it after three days. If it is a red bar, you may not be pregnant.
Blood HCG early pregnancy examination: The increased level of blood -humor membrane gonadotropin (HCG) level is the main indicator of determining pregnancy.Generally, HCG can be detected in the serum of pregnant women 8 to 10 days after fertilization.
Ultrasound: Ultrasonic examination is the "gold standard" for determining the pregnancy in the palace.In early pregnancy, you can determine pregnancy, estimate for fetal age, eliminate ectopic pregnancy, nourish cell diseases, ovarian tumors, uterine development abnormalities, etc.
4. What should I do if I get pregnant unexpectedly during the epidemic?
After accidental pregnancy, you need to consider it carefully. If you are not ready to welcome your new life, terminating pregnancy is often a more appropriate way to deal with accidental pregnancy.You should go to a regular hospital as soon as possible to see a doctor and perform a drug or abortion according to your own situation.If you find that you have been hesitant after pregnancy, as the fetus grows, the abortion surgery is generally not applicable, and only induction surgery can be adopted.Although they are endless pregnancy, the damage to women’s body is very great.
(1) Drug abortion
Drug abortion is a method of using drugs instead of surgery to terminate early pregnancy.It is generally suitable for women within 49 days in the palace pregnancy, and the earlier the pregnancy time, the better the logistics abortion.The current clinical drugs are macylidone and macolyterol.
Advantages: It has the advantages of simple methods and non -trauma.If one -time success can avoid surgery, and avoid complications after surgery, it is relatively small for uterine trauma and cheap costs.
Disadvantages: Take medicine will have certain side effects.Some people will experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other side effects such as vaginal bleeding, long bleeding time, and more bleeding.If the bleeding time is long and the amount of bleeding is suspected to be a curettage, it needs to be harmful to the body.Some patients with some patients will also cause medicine loss and need to abortize an artificial abortion to terminate their pregnancy.
(2) Surgical abortion
Surgical abortion is to terminate the pregnancy to terminate the pregnancy, including negative pressure attraction and scraping.Negative pressure attraction is suitable for 10 weeks of pregnancy.Pie scraping is suitable for 10 to 14 weeks of pregnancy.
Advantages: The success rate of surgical abortion is higher than that of drug logistics, and the surgical is accurate and less bleeding, and there are rarely incomplete abortion.
Disadvantages: Artificial abortion may occur in some complications, such as bleeding, uterine perforation, artificial abortion syndrome, leakage or air suction, cervical adhesion, uterine cavity adhesion, chronic pelvic inflammation, menstrual disorders, secondary infertility, etc.In addition, an artificial abortion of more than 10 weeks of pregnancy needs to be hospitalized.
6. How to take a safe doctor during the epidemic?
The protective cut of the new coronary virus pneumonia (CORONA VIRUS Disease 2019, COVID-19) must not be taken lightly. When you go to the hospital for treatment, you must protect the infection.
When you go out, wear a mask correctly. It is best to wear a medical surgical mask or N95 protective mask. You can carry the scrubbing handwashing or disinfected wet towel to keep your hand hygienic.
Try to choose a private car to avoid taking public transportation and pay attention to cold and warmth.
Try to seek medical treatment as possible, make an appointment in advance, be familiar with the hospital layout and procedures, avoid walking through the hot ruling and emergency areas, and avoid densely personnel.
Try to avoid contact with hospitals, curtain curtains, doctors white coats and other hospitals. After contact, you should use your hand disinfectant in time, or wear gloves and pay attention to avoid contact with your eyes, mouth, and nose.
Cooperate with doctors during the consultation, do not conceal the history, travel history and contact history, and avoid cross -infection.
7. What should I pay attention to after abortion?
Pay attention to rest after abortion. After 2 weeks of rest, rest for 4 weeks after clamp scraping.
Keep the vulva cleaning, forbid sexual life and pots within 1 month to prevent infection.
Pay attention to nutrition, appropriately increase foods rich in protein, iron, and vitamins, but do not need to be over -supplemented.
Generally, you need to go to the hospital for a week after the abortion surgery. The main checks are mainly inspirational and postoperative infection. If there are abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, you will go to the hospital at any time.
Avoid strenuous exercise and severe physical labor in the early stage after surgery, so as not to aggravate abdominal pain and increase the risk of vaginal bleeding.
8. How to avoid accidental pregnancy?
After the sexual life without contraceptive measures or awareness of contraceptive measures, fears the mood of pregnancy, anxiety after diagnosis, the embarrassment of seeking abortion, the pain of artificial abortion, the risk of perhaps complications, the psychology after artificial abortion, the psychology after artificial abortionThe shadow, or missed the timing of artificial abortion, and unwilling fertility will cause direct or indirect mental harm to women.Therefore, women of childbearing age should have awareness of self -protection to avoid accidental pregnancy as much as possible; men should also have a sense of responsibility to prevent accidental pregnancy as much as possible.The following measures can effectively avoid accidental pregnancy.
Reliable contraceptive measures are used before sex.Men can use condoms, married women can wear in -the -palace birthdayrs, take contraceptives, etc.
Urgent contraception is used without contraceptive measures or awareness of contraceptive measures. Emergency contraception is used to play a role in front of fertilized eggs, that is, inhibit or delay ovulation, affect the combination of essence, and prevent fertilized eggs.At present, emergency contraception methods commonly used in my country are taking emergency contraceptives.
If emergency contraception fails, safe abortion is performed as soon as possible.Strictly speaking, safety abortion is not a prevention of accidental pregnancy. It is a remedy for accidental pregnancy and a line of defense to prevent non -willing fertility.
references:
1. Xie Xie, Kong Beihua, Duan Tao. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 9th edition. Beijing: People’s Health Publishing House, 2018.
2. Wang Linhong. Chinese Medical Encyclopedia: Maternal and Child Health Studies. Beijing: China Union Medical University Press, 2018.
3. Li Xinhua, Gaofu. Public protection guidelines for pneumonia infected with new coronary virus infection. Beijing: People’s Health Press, 2020.
